INTRACELLULAR MECHANISMS OF TUMOR CELL IMMUNORESISTANCE

Abstract

One of the main mechanisms for avoiding immune response by cancer cells is by inducing an immunosuppressive environment in the tumor, following the activation of immune checkpoints i.e. PD-1 or CTLA-4  receptor inhibitors on T lymphocytes. Inhibiting the interaction between PD-1 or CTLA-4 and their ligands (PD-L1, CD80, and CD85) leads to unblocking T-lymphocyte function, and thus destroying cancer cells. Certain intracellular signaling pathways are also involved in the development of tumor cell immunoresistance. Blocking the activation of immunosuppressive pathways  may increase immunological anti-tumor control