US “Safety Net” Clinics Provide Access to Effective Contraception for Adolescents and Young Women, 2017–2019

Author:

Darney Blair G.1,Biel Frances M.1,Oakley Jee1,Rodriguez Maria I.1,Cottrell Erika K.1

Affiliation:

1. Blair G. Darney and Maria I. Rodriguez are with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland. Blair G. Darney is also with Health Systems & Policy, OHSU–Portland State University joint School of Public Health. Frances M. Biel, Jee Oakley, and Erika K. Cottrell are with the Oregon Community Health Information Network, Inc., Portland. Erika K. Cottrell is also with the School of Medicine, OHSU.

Abstract

Objectives. To describe patterns of providing moderately effective versus the most effective contraception and of providing implants versus intrauterine devices in US community health centers. Methods. We conducted a historical cohort study (2017–2019). Outcomes were woman-level receipt of most effective contraception (long-acting reversible contraception; implants and intrauterine devices) or moderately effective contraception. We used logistic regression to identify patient and clinic factors associated with providing (1) most versus moderately effective methods, and (2) implants versus intrauterine devices. We calculated adjusted probabilities for both outcomes by age group. Results. We included 199 652 events of providing contraception to 114 280 women in 410 community health centers. Adjusted probabilities were similar across age groups for moderately versus most effective methods. However, the adjusted marginal means for receiving an implant compared with an intrauterine device were highest for adolescents (15–17 years: 78.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 75.6%, 80.6%]; 18–19 years: 69.5% [95% CI = 66.7%, 72.3%]). Women’s health specialists were more likely to provide most versus moderately effective contraception. Conclusions. Community health centers are an important access point for most effective contraception for women of all ages. Adolescents are more likely to use implants than intrauterine devices. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S5):S555–S562. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306913 )

Publisher

American Public Health Association

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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