Deactivation Mechanism of Palladium Catalysts for Ethanol
Conversion to Butanol
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Published:2021-04
Issue:4
Volume:61
Page:504-515
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ISSN:0965-5441
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Container-title:Petroleum Chemistry
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Pet. Chem.
Author:
Ezzhelenko D. I.ORCID, Nikolaev S. A.ORCID, Chistyakov A. V.ORCID, Chistyakova P. A.ORCID, Tsodikov M. V.ORCID
Abstract
Abstract
A Pd/Al2O3 catalyst (Pd = 0.1 wt
%) for ethanol conversion to butanol deactivates within 10 h of service, despite
its high initial activity at 275°C. Probable deactivation mechanisms were
explored, including poisoning of
Pd/Al2O3 due to adsorption of
by-products on Pd, sintering of Pd phases, leaching of Pd from the catalyst,
changes in the Pd electronic state, changes in the catalyst’s porous structure,
and blockage of Al2O3 active
sites. The Pd/Al2O3 deactivation
was found to be mainly caused by CO molecules that evolved during side
reactions. These molecules can either block Pd active sites due to the formation
of strong Pd–CO complexes, or enter a CO disproportionation reaction to form
carbon deposits on Pd phases. The knowledge gained from this study can be used
for the targeted modification of
Pd/Al2O3 and the creation of
selective systems operating stably in the presence of by-products.
Publisher
Pleiades Publishing Ltd
Subject
Geochemistry and Petrology,Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Fuel Technology,General Chemical Engineering,General Chemistry
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