1. Provorov, N.A. and Dolgikh, E.A., Metabolic Integration of Organisms in Symbiotic Systems, Zh. Obshch. Biol., 2006, vol. 67, pp. 403–422.
2. Feige, G.B. and Jensen, M., Basic Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism of Lichens, Algae and Symbioses: Plants, Animals, Fungi, Viruses, Interaction Explored, Reisser, W., Ed., Bristol: Biopress, 1992, pp. 277–299.
3. Palmqvist, K., Carbon Economy in Lichens, New Phytol., 2000, vol. 148, pp. 11–36.
4. Millbank, J.W. and Kershaw, K.A., Nitrogen Metabolism, The Lichens, Ahmadjian, V. and Hale, M.E., Eds., New York: Academic, 1973, pp. 289–307.
5. Rai, A.N., Nitrogen Metabolism, Handbook of Lichenology, Galun, M., Ed., Boca Raton: CRC, 1988, pp. 201–237.