1. Elektronnyi slovar’ (Electronic Glossary) ( http://www.glossary.ru ).
2. Filosofskii entsiklopedicheskii slovar’ (Philosophical Encyclopaedia), L.F. Il’ichev, P.N. Fedoseev, S.M. Kovalev, and V.G. Panov, Eds., Moscow: Sovetskaya Entsiklopediya, 1983.
3. Gubko, M.V., Matematicheskie modeli optimizatsii ierarkhicheskikh struktur (Mathematical Models of Hierarchical Structures Optimization), Moscow: LENAND, 2006.
4. Ovsievich, B.L., Modeli formirovaniya organizatsionnykh struktur (Models of Formation of Organizational Structures), Leningrad: Nauka, 1979.
5. Tsvirkun, A.D., Osnovy sinteza struktury slozhnykh sistem (Synthesis of the Structure of Complex Systems), Moscow: Nauka, 1982.