1. Bleeker, P., Ichthyologische waarnemingen, gedaan op verschillende reizen in de residentie Banten, Natuurwet. Tijdschr. Ned. Indie, 1854, vol. 7, pp. 309–326.
2. Böhlke, E.B., Methods and terminology, in Fishes of the Western North Atlantic: Memoir of the Sears Foundation for Marine Research, No. 1, Part 9, Vol. 1: Orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes, Böhlke, E.B., Ed., New Haven: Yale Univ., 1989, pp. 1–7.
3. Böhlke, E.B., Notes on the muraenid genera Strophidon, Lycodontis, Siderea, Thyrsoidea, and Pseudechidna, with a redescription of Muraena thyrsoidea Richardson, 1845, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1995, vol. 146, pp. 459–466.
4. Böhlke, E.B. and McCosker, J.E., The moray eels of Australia and New Zealand, with the description of two new species (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae), Rec. Aust. Mus., 2001, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 71–102.
5. Family no. 41: Muraenidae;P.H.J. Castle,1986