Efficiency of accelerated electron beam sterilization of a hydrogel for 3D cultivation of mesenchymal multipotent cells

Abstract

Background. Hydrogels are promising for use in tissue engineering for the restoration and regeneration of various tissues, since they are able to perform the functions of bulk scaffolds, providing the formation of 3D cell structures. Population of such scaffolds with autologous or heterogeneous mesenchymal multipotent stromal cells in vitro makes it possible to localize these cells in the area of target tissues after implantation in a patient. One of the difficult tasks is the choice of the method and mode of sterilization of the hydrogel, which does not change its properties.Aim. Study of the effectiveness of hydrogel sterilization by an accelerated electron beam in various modes, changes in the structure and biocompatibility of the scaffold, to assess the prospects for its use for medical purposes, including as a platform for mesenchymal stromal cells.Materials and methods. We used a hydrogel based on 4 % solutions of sodium alginate and sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, cross-linked with calcium chloride, which was developed, obtained and provided for our research by the team of the Research and Educational Center for Biomedical Engineering of the National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”. Hydrogel samples loaded with Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae were subjected to electron beam treatment in the range of 5–100 kGy. After electron beam treatment of hydrogel, the presence of living microorganisms and its structure were evaluated by IR-Fourier spectroscopy, as well as the phenotype and formation of 3D structures by mesenchymal multipotent cells.Results. It was found that the treatment of hydrogels with an electron beam at a mode of 25 kGy ensures the death of microorganisms, but does not destroy the structure of the hydrogel and does not inhibit the ability to form capillary-like structures by mesenchymal multipotent cells.Conclusion. Treatment with an accelerated electron beam at a 25 kGy can be used to sterilize hydrogels to obtain bulk scaffolds for cell engineering implants.