Adhesion concept in cancer biology: local and central mechanisms (part 2)

Abstract

The review presents the concept the key mechanism of the tumor process is a violation of adhesion interactions involving local and central mechanisms. Local features of adhesive dysregulation are demonstrated in the part 1. The second part describes the central processes. Features of local adhesive dysregulation which provides the main properties of the tumor (loss of tissue control of proliferation, anaplasia, invasion, metastasis, lack of immunological surveillance) can be controlled by central mechanisms involving the dopaminergic system which is able using immunoadhesional interactions to regulate the active phase of immune responses against the tumor interfering the process and thus interrupting the development of a malignant neoplasm initiated by a local mutation in the target tissue. The proposed concept of the adhesion key role dysregulation in the target tissue neoplasia and the processes of immunoreactivity involving the loss of central dopamine as an adhesive-damaging factor at the level of immune responses reveals among other things the stress mechanism of cancer etiology. At the same time, the central dopamine directly affects the level of dopamine in the peripheral body. The main reserves of peripheral dopamine in platelets and blood lymphocytes can serve as a guarantee of antitumor protection. Being the production of lymphocytes peripheral dopamine plays a role in the maturation of cytotoxic lymphocytes promoting their migration to tumor nodes, the formation of conjugates with tumor cells. So, dopamine participates in the active phase of immune responses against the tumor contributing to the support of adhesive interactions between immune effectors and target cells. The latter also helps to protect the body from tumor diseases which obviously shorten life.The adhesive concept of local and central control of tumor formation creates a certain perspective for improving the effectiveness of diagnosticis, prevention and treatment methods which can be a step towards solving the problem of malignant neoplasms.