Renal cell carcinoma with metastases to the external genitalia. Literature review and case report

Abstract

Annually, up to 300 thousand new cases of kidney cancer and more than 134 thousand deaths associated with this disease are registered in the world. In the Russian Federation in 2019, 20,758 patients with a newly diagnosed renal cell carcinoma were registered; it should be noted that at the end of 2019, 177,755 patients with this diagnosis were registered. The issue of renal cell carcinoma metastasis seems to be quite relevant. The most common organs for metastatic renal cell carcinoma are lungs (up to 55 %), lymph nodes (up to 34 %), liver (up to 32 %), bones (up to 32 %), adrenal glands (up to 19 %), contralateral kidney (up to 11 %) and the brain (up to 5.7 %). The incidence of skin metastases in renal cell carcinoma ranges from 2.8 to 6.8 %, according to various authors.Our publication presents a case of treatment of a patient with a rare localization of renal cell carcinoma metastases in the external genital organs. The patient underwent palliative nephrectomy and vulvectomy. Taking into account the data on the prevalence of the disease, therapy with cabozantinib is carried out. Cabosantinib is an inhibitor of the tyrosine kinase domains of a number of growth factors, angiogenesis, abnormal bone remodeling, metastasis, and drug resistance.