CHANGES IN THE COMPOSITION OF LIPIDS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION IN THE THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY DEPENDING ON ANTIBODY TITERS OF IMMUNOGLOBULIN G

Abstract

The work was carried out to study the processes of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defense, the content of phospholipase A2, the main structural phospholipids (phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and its lizoform) in the peripheral blood of women with reactivation of chronic cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in the III trimester of gestation depending on the titer of IgG antibodies to CMV. The method of random sample was used to select 90 pregnant women. The study group consisted of 60 pregnant women with exacerbation of chronic CMV infection in the third trimester. It was divided into two subgroups: subgroup A (30 women with active CMV infection, the titer of IgG antibodies to CMV was 1:1600); subgroup B (30 women with latent CMV infection, the titer of IgG antibodies to CMV was 1:800). The control group consisted of 30 healthy pregnant women who matched the study group by the period of gestation and age. It was found out that lipid metabolism imbalance in plasma and erythrocytes of the peripheral blood was one of the reasons for progression of the pathological process of CMV infection in pregnant women. Changes in the composition of erythrocyte membrane phospholipids, i.e the reduction of phosphatidylethanolamine by 22% (p<0.001), of phosphatidylcholine by 23% (p<0.001), an increase in the content of lysophosphatidylcholine by 34% (p<0.001), are regarded as membrane destabilizing processes. Their development is caused by uncontrolled free radical reactions leading to the initiation of peroxidation of cell membrane lipid oxidation (the increase in the concentration of TBA-active products by 78% (p<0.001), and the activation of lipolytic enzymes (increased concentration of phospholipase A2 by 60% (p<0.001). These changes occur against the oppression of antioxidant protection (reducing the concentration of α-tocopherol by 26% (p<0.001). The rate of change of lipid metabolism in these structures as manifestations of membrane destructive phenomena depends on the titer of IgG antibodies to CMV and is most pronounced when there is the active form of CMV infection (titer IgG antibodies to CMV is 1:1600). The mentioned pathological processes taken together aggravate the condition of pregnant women with CMV infection and create a favorable background for further progression of the pathological process, which greatly burdens the prenatal period and childbirth. The results obtained allow us to establish the important role of lipid metabolism disorders in the pathogenesis of CMV infection, which can be the basis for the expansion of the diagnostic and therapeutic base for this pathology of pregnant women.