Affiliation:
1. Чувашская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия
2. Chuvash State Agrocultural Academy
Abstract
The article discusses the influence of late fodder miliary cover crops on the photosynthetic activity of second year plants of the sweet clover of life in the conditions of the South-Eastern part of the Volga-Vyatka zone. The determination of the dependence of the sweet clover productivity on various factors makes it difficult for a variety of reasons, connected with the photosynthetic activity of plants. But the productivity of yellow sweet clover crops significantly increases when optimizing the basic conditions necessary for growing plants, when all the photosynthetic activity of plants, which is the most complicated integration process, increases. In this study, in order to determine the sweet clover productivity, the optimal parameters of the most important photosynthetic parameters were determined in the first place, under which high plant productivity is formed. For example, the size of the leaf surface, the net productivity of photosynthesis and the coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation, which are the most optimal parameters of photosynthetic indices. The assimilating surface of the leaf surface of plants, per unit area of sowing, determines the absorption of photosynthetically active radiation by plants. Optimum leaf area, according to A.A. Nichiporovich (1970), L.G. Shashkarov (2006), for the sweet clover is the surface up to 40 thousand square meter, but when growing plants for harvesting, the area of leaves can be increased up to 70 thousand square meter per hectare, which, in turn, allows you to prepare a better feed. Studies have shown that for all years the maximum net productivity of photosynthesis was in yellow sweet clover plants in the variant when the plant was cultivated when sown without cover of late prosoidal cover crops (3.11 g / m2 per day), which allowed it to accumulate the greatest amount of dry matter (4.39 tons per hectare). All the studied late cover crops reduced this indicator of net photosynthetic productivity: in millet variants it was 2.66-2.76, with Sudan grass - 2.36-2.41 and with corn - 2.69-2.76 g / m2 per day. Decrease in the sowing norms of late forage cover crops from conventional values by 25% favorably affected the plants of sweet clover and improved their photosynthetic activity.
Publisher
Infra-M Academic Publishing House
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