IRRIGATION - THE BASIS FOR INCREASING THE STABILITY OF ENTOMOCENOSES IN ARID CONDITIONS OF SOUTHEAST OF RUSSIA-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

IRRIGATION - THE BASIS FOR INCREASING THE STABILITY OF ENTOMOCENOSES IN ARID CONDITIONS OF SOUTHEAST OF RUSSIA

Published:2019-03-30 Issue:1 Volume:14 Page:34-39
ISSN:2073-0462
Container-title:Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Мелихов Виктор¹,Melihov Viktor²,Комаров Евгений¹,Komarov Evgeniy²,Комарова Ольга¹,Komarova Ol'ga²

Affiliation:

1. Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт орошаемого земледелия

2. All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Agriculture

Abstract

The article presents materials of perennial (1988–2017) studies on solving problems of stabilizing the phytosanitary situation in irrigated agrocenoses. The paper presents the results of studying the species abundance and insects, the patterns of their change under the influence of irrigation in the Lower Volga region. The effect of irrigation on the change in environmental conditions by the parameters of productivity of agrobiocenoses and microclimate is shown. The difference in air temperature in irrigated by sprinkling and non-irrigated agrocenoses immediately after watering reaches 7-8° C. In general, during the growing season, the average daily air temperatures in the irrigated agrocenosis were 2-4° C lower, compared to the non-irrigated. More mesophytic microclimatic conditions, which are formed under the influence of irrigation, are the leading factor determining the increase in the biodiversity of the entomocomplexes of irrigated agrocenoses due to an increase in species abundance and the number of mesophilic and hygrophilic insects. An increase in species diversity and abundance of meso-and hygrophilic in irrigated agricultural landscapes due to the emergence of new micro-sites (canals, spillways, storage ponds, etc.) is also shown. The formation of irrigated conditions in poly-dominant entomological communities, which increase the balance of the agroecosystem, including by optimizing its trophic structure. The changing ecological situation in irrigated agricultural landscapes determines the cultivation of plants with optimized physiological indicators, and the biological characteristics of the development of harmful and beneficial insects change under irrigation conditions. All this directly affects the relationship between phytophages and plants, as well as their survival, fertility, life expectancy of individual phases and other biological features of populations. It is noted that on irrigated crops there is a more favorable relationship between entomophages and pests, making it possible to self-regulate the entomofauna due to increased activity of entomophages. This creates a real opportunity to save the crop and reduce the pesticide load by 40-50% on irrigated crops.

Publisher

Infra-M Academic Publishing House

Reference15 articles.

1. Захаренко В.А. Пестициды в интегрированном управлении фитосанитарными рисками чрезвычайных ситуаций, вызываемых особо опасными вредителями в агроэкосистемах // Агрохимия. – 2016. – № 4. – С. 25-36., Zakharenko V.A. Pesticides in the integrated management of phytosanitary risks of emergency situations caused by especially dangerous pests in agroecosystems. [Pestitsidy v integrirovannom upravlenii fitosanitarnymi riskami chrezvychaynykh situatsiy, vyzyvayemykh osobo opasnymi vreditelyami v agroekosistemakh]. // Agrokhimiya. – Agrochemistry. – 2016. – №4. – P. 25-36.

2. Павлюшин В.А., Вилкова Н.А., Сухорученко Г.И., Нефедова Л.И. Функционирование агробиоценозов и типы их отклика на антропогенные воздействия // Вестник защиты растений. – 2016. – № 4. – С. 5-18., Pavlyushin V.A., Vilkova N.A., Sukhoruchenko G.I., Nefedova L.I. Functioning of agrobiocenoses and types of their response to anthropogenic influences. [Funktsionirovanie agrobiotsenozov i tipy ikh otklika na antropogennye vozdeystviya]. // Vestnik zaschity rasteniy. - Plant protection Herald. – 2016. – №4. – P. 5-18.

3. Дубровин Н.К., Байрамбеков Ш.Б., Корнева О.Г., Соколов А.С. Регулирование численности фитофагов в орошаемых агроценозах дельты Волги // Агроэкоинфо. – 2018. – № 1 (31). – С. 16., Dubrovin N.K., Bayrambekov Sh.B., Korneva O.G., Sokolov A.S. Regulation of phytophage numbers in irrigated agrocenoses of the Volga delta. [Regulirovanie chislennosti fitofagov v oroshaemykh agrotsenozakh delty Volgi]. // Agroekoinfo. – Agroecoinfo. – 2018. – №1 (31). – P. 16.

4. Карпова Т.Л., Комарова О.П. Особенности формирования энтомокомплексов в орошаемых севооборотах Волго-Донского междуречья // Известия Нижневолжского агроуниверситетского комплекса: Наука и высшее профессиональное образование. – 2018. – № 3 (51). – С. 152-157., Karpova T.L., Komarova O.P. Features of the formation of entomocomplexes in irrigated crop rotations of the Volga-Don interfluves. [Osobennosti formirovaniya entomokompleksov v oroshayemykh sevooborotakh Volgo-Donskogo mezhdurechya]. // Izvestiya Nizhnevolzhskogo agrouniversitetskogo kompleksa: Nauka i vysshee professionanoe obrazovanie. - Izvestiya Nizhnevolzhskiy agrouniversity complex: Science and higher professional education. – 2018. – №3 (51). – P. 152-157.

5. Сайпулаева Б.Н. Результативность различных методов сбора энтомологического материала в эколого-фаунистических исследованиях по Coleopera // Юг России: экология, развитие. – 2015. – Т. 10. – № 4. – С. 145-150., Saypulaeva B.N. The effectiveness of various methods of collecting entomological material in ecological and faunal studies on Coleopera. [Rezultativnost razlichnykh metodov sbora entomologicheskogo materiala v ekologo-faunisticheskikh issledovaniyakh po Coleopera]. // Yug Rossii: ekologiya, razvitie. - South of Russia: ecology, development. – 2015. – Vol. 10. – №4. – P. 145-150.