Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Chronic Prostatitis / Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

Abstract

Chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome is a common urological disease that is the most common clinical form of chronic prostatitis. The combination in its pathogenesis of chronic inflammation of the prostate and chronic pain creates difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. This review aims to highlight modern approaches and diagnostic tools most commonly used in the practice of urology. The article presents the main clinical manifestations, modern classification and methods of research of patients with chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Clinical and laboratory signs of certain forms of prostatitis with emphasis on the joint manifestations of chronic bacterial prostatitis and chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome are considered. Diagnostic criteria, bases of laboratory and differential diagnosis of chronic prostatitis are considered. Particular attention is paid to the difficulties of laboratory diagnosis of chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome, in particular, evaluation of the results of repeated microscopic and cultural examinations of the secretion of the prostate, ejaculate and post-massage urine. The actual questionnaire of patients for objectification and monitoring of their complaints is presented; the possibility of individualization of treatment according to the patient’s phenotype and the implementation of a multimodal approach to the provision of medical care for prostatitis. The peculiarities of communication with the patient and the most common scales for assessing the condition of patients as a tool for objectifying complaints are presented. The place of instrumental methods in the diagnostic algorithm for chronic prostatitis is presented.