1. Clinical Addiction, Research and Education Unit Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
2. Office for Treatment Improvement, Boston, Massachusetts
3. Institute for Urban Health Policy, Research and Education, Department of Health and Hospitals, Boston, Massachusetts
4. Department of Public Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
5. Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts