Assessment of Breast Cancer Immunohistochemical Properties with Demographics and Pathological Features; A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is considered the most common malignant disease in the female population. It is known as an emerging epidemy with a great burden on women's health, which can be associated with poor outcomes. Some factors including histological type, immunohistochemistry (IHC), tumor grade, and tumor size can have effects on breast cancer. Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the effects of mentioned factors on IHC type of breast cancer. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 142 patients, who were referred to one of the referral centers for breast cancer in Mashhad. Information including age, histological type, familial history, menopause status, tumor grade, tumor size, and IHC properties was collected from the patient’s medical records. Allred score was used for reporting hormonal status. The data were analyzed by version 26 of SPSS software. Results: The mean age of patient was 50.2 ± 12.7. The frequency of luminal A and luminal B type was calculated as 29.7 and 18.9%, respectively. In addition, triple-negative IHC type has a prevalence of 24.3% and HER2 had a prevalence of 27%. There were no significant differences between age (P = 0.34), familial history (P = 0.42), menopause (P = 0.36), histological type (invasive: P = 0.11, in situ: P = 0.45), and IHC properties. However, tumor diameter (P = 0.0001) and tumor grading (P = 0.002) had significant association with IHC properties. Conclusions: Factors including tumor size and pathological grade can have effects on the gene expression properties of breast cancers. Luminal IHC type A is more common in breast cancer and is associated with better outcomes. However, age, histological type, familial history, and menopause status had no effects on the IHC properties of breast cancer.