Preparation and in Vitro Property Research of Cholic Acid Nanoparticles with Dual Functions of Hemostasis and Antibacterial

Abstract

Background: Hemorrhage control and anti-infection play a crucial role in promoting wound healing in trauma-related injuries. Objectives: This study aimed to prepare nanoparticles with dual functions of hemostasis and antibacterial properties. Methods: The dual-functional nanoparticles (CDCA-PLL NPs) were developed using a self-assembly method based on the electrostatic forces between Poly-L-lysine (PLL) and Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). The physicochemical properties, hemostatic properties, and antibacterial activities were investigated. Results: The prepared nanoparticles displayed a spherical structure, exhibiting a high drug loading capacity, encapsulation efficiency, and good stability. The CDCA-PLL NPs could reduce the hemolysis caused by PLL and promote the proliferation of human fibroblasts, indicating excellent biosafety. Moreover, CDCA-PLL NPs demonstrated a shorter in vivo hemostasis time and reduced blood loss in mouse tail vein hemorrhage, femoral vein hemorrhage, femoral artery hemorrhage, and liver hemorrhage models. Also, CDCA-PLL NPs showed excellent antibacterial efficacy against E. coli and S. aureus. Conclusions: CDCA-PLL NPs have great potential to be extensively applied as a hemostatic and antibacterial agent in various clinical conditions.