Oxilipin, a New Anti-cancer Phospholipase A2-like Protein from Iranian Caspian Cobra, Naja Naja Oxiana

Abstract

: The discovery of novel anti-cancer agents from natural resources is highly necessary. Concerning the above problem, the purpose of this study was to discover an anti-cancer compound from Caspian cobra venom. Fractionation of Caspian cobra venom was performed by gel filtration and IEX chromatography. The results showed an anti-cancer protein nominated as Oxilipin. Activity and toxicity of Oxilipin were studied on the colon SW480 cancer cell line using MTT, LDH release, PI staining, morphological cell analysis, hemolysis, and anti-proliferation assays. Oxilipin, an 11kDa protein purified from the venom of the Caspian cobra. LC/MS/MS analysis of obtained protein showed homology with Phospholipase A2 from ‎Naja naja oxiana. 40 µg/ml of Oxilipin can induce an apoptotic effect in SW480 cell line up to 90%; meanwhile, this amount can induce only one-third of cytotoxicity on a normal cell. In this study, Iranian cobra venom was found to have cytotoxic effects on SW480 colon cancer tumor cells, with the least cytotoxicity on normal cells on HEK-293. Given that Oxilipin has slight toxicity on normal cells, it can be hypothesized that the obtained peptide can be considered as a drug lead in an animal model study of colon cancer.