Risk Factors Associated With the Extent of Coronary Vessel Involvement Across the Spectrum of Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in developed and developing countries. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with the extent of coronary vessel involvement across the spectrum of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in patients referring to the Cardiac Ward of Vali-Asr Hospital of Birjand, Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3,394 patients undergoing coronary angiography at the Cardiac Ward of Vali-Asr Hospital of Birjand, Iran, in 2011-2015. Subjects were assigned to four groups in terms of the extent of coronary vessel involvement: Normal CAD, non-significant CAD, CAD, and non-obstructive CAD. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confident intervals were calculated by including all variables with P values < 0.05 into the multivariate model to control for confounding factors. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results: Among male and female patients, those aged 45-65 years needed angiography more than other groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, male gender, FBS, and history of hypertension significantly increased the likelihood of coronary vessel involvement (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: The findings of the present study imply that age, male gender, FBS, and history of hypertension are the independent risk factors for the extent of coronary vessel involvement in CAD and non-significant CAD groups. To reduce the rates and consequences of CAD, it is paramount to control cardiovascular risk factors, screen susceptible populations at risk, and improve coronary interventional services.