Minimal SU(5) theory on the edge: The importance of being effective

Author:

Senjanović Goran1ORCID,Zantedeschi Michael2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Arnold Sommerfeld Center, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany and International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy

2. Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

Abstract

It is well known that the minimal renormalizable SU(5) grand unified theory is ruled out: it predicts the same masses of down quarks and charged leptons, the gauge couplings do not unify, and neutrinos are massless. We show here that all this can be cured simultaneously by the addition of higher-dimensional effective operators. However, the theory lives on the edge since the unification scale turns out as low as roughly 1014GeV, threatening proton longevity. If the lower bound on the proton lifetime was to be increased by an order of magnitude, the usual desert in energies between the weak and unification scales would be populated. We also revisit two minimal extensions of this theory that offer a dynamical seesaw origin of neutrino mass and discuss the resulting consequences. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Padova

Galileo Galilei Institute for Theoretical Physics

Publisher

American Physical Society (APS)

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