Systematic study of flow vector fluctuations in <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msqrt><mml:msub><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>5.02</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math> TeV Pb-Pb collisions-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Systematic study of flow vector fluctuations in sNN=5.02 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

Published:2024-06-13 Issue:6 Volume:109 Page:
ISSN:2469-9985
Container-title:Physical Review C
language:en
Short-container-title:Phys. Rev. C

Author:

Acharya S.¹^ORCID,Adamová D.²^ORCID,Agarwal A.³,Aglieri Rinella G.⁴^ORCID,Aglietta L.⁵,Agnello M.⁶^ORCID,Agrawal N.⁷^ORCID,Ahammed Z.³^ORCID,Ahmad S.⁸^ORCID,Ahn S. U.⁹^ORCID,Ahuja I.¹⁰^ORCID,Akindinov A.¹¹^ORCID,Akishina V.¹²,Al-Turany M.¹³^ORCID,Aleksandrov D.¹¹^ORCID,Alessandro B.¹⁴^ORCID,Alfanda H. M.¹⁵^ORCID,Alfaro Molina R.¹⁶^ORCID,Ali B.⁸^ORCID,Alici A.⁷^ORCID,Alizadehvandchali N.¹⁷^ORCID,Alkin A.¹⁸^ORCID,Alme J.¹⁹^ORCID,Alocco G.²⁰^ORCID,Alt T.¹²^ORCID,Altamura A. R.²¹^ORCID,Altsybeev I.²²^ORCID,Alvarado J. R.²³^ORCID,Anaam M. N.¹⁵^ORCID,Andrei C.²⁴^ORCID,Andreou N.²⁵^ORCID,Andronic A.²⁶^ORCID,Andronov E.¹¹^ORCID,Anguelov V.²⁷^ORCID,Antinori F.²⁸^ORCID,Antonioli P.²⁹^ORCID,Apadula N.³⁰^ORCID,Aphecetche L.³¹^ORCID,Appelshäuser H.¹²^ORCID,Arata C.³²^ORCID,Arcelli S.⁷^ORCID,Aresti M.⁵^ORCID,Arnaldi R.¹⁴^ORCID,Arneiro J. G. M. C. A.³³^ORCID,Arsene I. C.³⁴^ORCID,Arslandok M.³⁵^ORCID,Augustinus A.⁴^ORCID,Averbeck R.¹³^ORCID,Azmi M. D.⁸^ORCID,Baba H.³⁶,Badalà A.³⁷^ORCID,Bae J.¹⁸^ORCID,Baek Y. W.³⁸^ORCID,Bai X.³⁹^ORCID,Bailhache R.¹²^ORCID,Bailung Y.⁴⁰^ORCID,Bala R.⁴¹^ORCID,Balbino A.⁶^ORCID,Baldisseri A.⁴²^ORCID,Balis B.⁴³^ORCID,Banerjee D.⁴⁴^ORCID,Banoo Z.⁴¹^ORCID,Barbasova V.¹⁰,Barile F.⁴⁵^ORCID,Barioglio L.¹⁴^ORCID,Barlou M.⁴⁶,Barman B.⁴⁷,Barnaföldi G. G.⁴⁸^ORCID,Barnby L. S.²⁵^ORCID,Barreau E.³¹^ORCID,Barret V.¹^ORCID,Barreto L.³³^ORCID,Bartels C.⁴⁹^ORCID,Barth K.⁴^ORCID,Bartsch E.¹²^ORCID,Bastid N.¹^ORCID,Basu S.⁵⁰^ORCID,Batigne G.³¹^ORCID,Battistini D.²²^ORCID,Batyunya B.¹¹^ORCID,Bauri D.⁵¹,Bazo Alba J. L.⁵²^ORCID,Bearden I. G.⁵³^ORCID,Beattie C.³⁵^ORCID,Becht P.¹³^ORCID,Behera D.⁴⁰^ORCID,Belikov I.⁵⁴^ORCID,Bell Hechavarria A. D. C.²⁶^ORCID,Bellini F.⁷^ORCID,Bellwied R.¹⁷^ORCID,Belokurova S.¹¹^ORCID,Beltran L. G. E.⁵⁵^ORCID,Beltran Y. A. V.²³^ORCID,Bencedi G.⁴⁸^ORCID,Bensaoula A.¹⁷,Beole S.⁵^ORCID,Berdnikov Y.¹¹^ORCID,Berdnikova A.²⁷^ORCID,Bergmann L.²⁷^ORCID,Besoiu M. G.⁵⁶^ORCID,Betev L.⁴^ORCID,Bhaduri P. P.³^ORCID,Bhasin A.⁴¹^ORCID,Bhat M. A.⁴⁴^ORCID,Bhattacharjee B.⁴⁷^ORCID,Bianchi L.⁵^ORCID,Bianchi N.⁵⁷^ORCID,Bielčík J.⁵⁸^ORCID,Bielčíková J.²^ORCID,Bigot A. P.⁵⁴^ORCID,Bilandzic A.²²^ORCID,Biro G.⁴⁸^ORCID,Biswas S.⁴⁴^ORCID,Bize N.³¹^ORCID,Blair J. T.⁵⁹^ORCID,Blau D.¹¹^ORCID,Blidaru M. B.¹³^ORCID,Bluhme N.¹²,Blume C.¹²^ORCID,Boca G.⁶⁰⁶¹^ORCID,Bock F.⁶²^ORCID,Bodova T.¹⁹^ORCID,Bok J.⁶³^ORCID,Boldizsár L.⁴⁸^ORCID,Bombara M.¹⁰^ORCID,Bond P. M.⁴^ORCID,Bonomi G.⁶⁴⁶¹^ORCID,Borel H.⁴²^ORCID,Borissov A.¹¹^ORCID,Borquez Carcamo A. G.²⁷^ORCID,Bossi H.³⁵^ORCID,Botta E.⁵^ORCID,Bouziani Y. E. M.¹²^ORCID,Bratrud L.¹²^ORCID,Braun-Munzinger P.¹³^ORCID,Bregant M.³³^ORCID,Broz M.⁵⁸^ORCID,Bruno G. E.⁶⁵⁴⁵^ORCID,Buckland M. D.⁵^ORCID,Budnikov D.¹¹^ORCID,Buesching H.¹²^ORCID,Bufalino S.⁶^ORCID,Buhler P.⁶⁶^ORCID,Burmasov N.¹¹^ORCID,Buthelezi Z.⁶⁷⁶⁸^ORCID,Bylinkin A.¹⁹^ORCID,Bysiak S. A.⁶⁹,Cabanillas Noris J. C.⁵⁵^ORCID,Cabrera M. F. T.¹⁷,Cai M.¹⁵^ORCID,Caines H.³⁵^ORCID,Caliva A.⁷⁰^ORCID,Calvo Villar E.⁵²^ORCID,Camacho J. M. M.⁵⁵^ORCID,Camerini P.⁵^ORCID,Canedo F. D. M.³³^ORCID,Cantway S. L.³⁵^ORCID,Carabas M.⁷¹^ORCID,Carballo A. A.⁴^ORCID,Carnesecchi F.⁴^ORCID,Caron R.⁷²^ORCID,Carvalho L. A. D.³³^ORCID,Castillo Castellanos J.⁴²^ORCID,Castoldi M.⁴^ORCID,Catalano F.⁴^ORCID,Cattaruzzi S.⁵^ORCID,Ceballos Sanchez C.¹¹^ORCID,Cerri R.⁵,Chakaberia I.³⁰^ORCID,Chakraborty P.⁷³⁵¹^ORCID,Chandra S.³^ORCID,Chapeland S.⁴^ORCID,Chartier M.⁴⁹^ORCID,Chattopadhay S.³,Chattopadhyay S.³^ORCID,Chattopadhyay S.⁷⁴^ORCID,Cheng T.¹³¹⁵^ORCID,Cheshkov C.⁷²^ORCID,Chibante Barroso V.⁴^ORCID,Chinellato D. D.⁷⁵^ORCID,Chizzali E. S.²²^ORCID,Cho J.⁷⁶^ORCID,Cho S.⁷⁶^ORCID,Chochula P.⁴^ORCID,Chochulska Z. A.⁷³,Choudhury D.⁴⁷,Christakoglou P.⁷⁷^ORCID,Christensen C. H.⁵³^ORCID,Christiansen P.⁵⁰^ORCID,Chujo T.⁷⁸^ORCID,Ciacco M.⁶^ORCID,Cicalo C.²⁰^ORCID,Ciupek M. R.¹³,Clai G.²⁹,Colamaria F.²¹^ORCID,Colburn J. S.⁷⁹,Colella D.⁶⁵⁴⁵^ORCID,Colocci M.⁷^ORCID,Concas M.⁴^ORCID,Conesa Balbastre G.³²^ORCID,Conesa del Valle Z.⁴²^ORCID,Contin G.⁵^ORCID,Contreras J. G.⁵⁸^ORCID,Coquet M. L.³¹⁴²^ORCID,Cortese P.⁸⁰¹⁴^ORCID,Cosentino M. R.⁸¹^ORCID,Costa F.⁴^ORCID,Costanza S.⁶⁰⁶¹^ORCID,Cot C.⁴²^ORCID,Crkovská J.²⁷^ORCID,Crochet P.¹^ORCID,Cruz-Torres R.³⁰^ORCID,Cui P.¹⁵^ORCID,Dainese A.²⁸^ORCID,Dange G.¹²,Danisch M. C.²⁷^ORCID,Danu A.⁵⁶^ORCID,Das P.⁸²^ORCID,Das P.⁴⁴^ORCID,Das S.⁴⁴^ORCID,Dash A. R.²⁶^ORCID,Dash S.⁵¹^ORCID,De Caro A.⁷⁰^ORCID,de Cataldo G.²¹^ORCID,de Cuveland J.¹²,De Falco A.⁵^ORCID,De Gruttola D.⁷⁰^ORCID,De Marco N.¹⁴^ORCID,De Martin C.⁵^ORCID,De Pasquale S.⁷⁰^ORCID,Deb R.⁶⁴^ORCID,Del Grande R.²²^ORCID,Dello Stritto L.⁴^ORCID,Deng W.¹⁵^ORCID,Devereaux K. C.⁸³,Dhankher P.⁸³^ORCID,Di Bari D.⁴⁵^ORCID,Di Mauro A.⁴^ORCID,Diab B.⁴²^ORCID,Diaz R. A.¹¹⁸⁴^ORCID,Dietel T.⁸⁵^ORCID,Ding Y.¹⁵^ORCID,Ditzel J.¹²^ORCID,Divià R.⁴^ORCID,Dixit D. U.⁸³^ORCID,Djuvsland Ø.¹⁹,Dmitrieva U.¹¹^ORCID,Dobrin A.⁵⁶^ORCID,Dönigus B.¹²^ORCID,Dubinski J. M.⁷³^ORCID,Dubla A.¹³^ORCID,Dudi S.⁸⁶^ORCID,Dupieux P.¹^ORCID,Dzalaiova N.⁸⁷,Eder T. M.²⁶^ORCID,Ehlers R. J.³⁰^ORCID,Eisenhut F.¹²^ORCID,Ejima R.⁸⁸,Elia D.²¹^ORCID,Erazmus B.³¹^ORCID,Ercolessi F.⁷^ORCID,Espagnon B.⁴²^ORCID,Eulisse G.⁴^ORCID,Evans D.⁷⁹^ORCID,Evdokimov S.¹¹^ORCID,Fabbietti L.²²^ORCID,Faggin M.⁷^ORCID,Faivre J.³²^ORCID,Fan F.¹⁵^ORCID,Fan W.³⁰^ORCID,Fantoni A.⁵⁷^ORCID,Fasel M.⁶²^ORCID,Feliciello A.¹⁴^ORCID,Feofilov G.¹¹^ORCID,Fernández Téllez A.²³^ORCID,Ferrandi L.³³^ORCID,Ferrer M. B.⁴^ORCID,Ferrero A.⁴²^ORCID,Ferrero C.¹⁴^ORCID,Ferretti A.⁵^ORCID,Feuillard V. J. G.²⁷^ORCID,Filova V.⁵⁸^ORCID,Finogeev D.¹¹^ORCID,Fionda F. M.²⁰^ORCID,Flatland E.⁴,Flor F.¹⁷^ORCID,Flores A. N.⁵⁹^ORCID,Foertsch S.⁶⁷^ORCID,Fokin I.²⁷^ORCID,Fokin S.¹¹^ORCID,Follo U.¹⁴,Fragiacomo E.⁸⁹^ORCID,Frajna E.⁴⁸^ORCID,Fuchs U.⁴^ORCID,Funicello N.⁷⁰^ORCID,Furget C.³²^ORCID,Furs A.¹¹^ORCID,Fusayasu T.⁹⁰^ORCID,Gaardhøje J. J.⁵³^ORCID,Gagliardi M.⁵^ORCID,Gago A. M.⁵²^ORCID,Gahlaut T.⁵¹,Galvan C. D.⁵⁵^ORCID,Gangadharan D. R.¹⁷^ORCID,Ganoti P.⁴⁶^ORCID,Garabatos C.¹³^ORCID,Garcia J. M.²³,García Chávez T.²³^ORCID,Garcia-Solis E.⁹¹^ORCID,Gargiulo C.⁴^ORCID,Gasik P.¹³^ORCID,Gaur H. M.¹²,Gautam A.⁹²^ORCID,Gay Ducati M. B.⁹³^ORCID,Germain M.³¹^ORCID,Ghimouz A.⁷⁸,Ghosh C.³,Giacalone M.²⁹^ORCID,Gioachin G.⁶^ORCID,Giubellino P.¹³¹⁴^ORCID,Giubilato P.⁷^ORCID,Glaenzer A. M. C.⁴²^ORCID,Glässel P.²⁷^ORCID,Glimos E.⁹⁴^ORCID,Goh D. J. Q.⁹⁵,Gonzalez V.⁹⁶^ORCID,Gordeev P.¹¹^ORCID,Gorgon M.⁴³^ORCID,Goswami K.⁴⁰^ORCID,Gotovac S.⁹⁷,Grabski V.¹⁶^ORCID,Graczykowski L. K.⁷³^ORCID,Grecka E.²^ORCID,Grelli A.⁹⁸^ORCID,Grigoras C.⁴^ORCID,Grigoriev V.¹¹^ORCID,Grigoryan S.¹¹⁹⁹^ORCID,Grosa F.⁴^ORCID,Grosse-Oetringhaus J. 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D.⁴³^ORCID,Koster C.⁷⁷,Kotliarov A.²^ORCID,Kovacic N.¹¹³,Kovalenko V.¹¹^ORCID,Kowalski M.⁶⁹^ORCID,Kozhuharov V.¹¹⁷^ORCID,Králik I.¹¹¹^ORCID,Kravčáková A.¹⁰^ORCID,Krcal L.⁴¹²^ORCID,Krivda M.⁷⁹¹¹¹^ORCID,Krizek F.²^ORCID,Krizkova Gajdosova K.⁴^ORCID,Krug C.⁹³^ORCID,Krüger M.¹²^ORCID,Krupova D. M.⁵⁸^ORCID,Kryshen E.¹¹^ORCID,Kučera V.⁷⁶^ORCID,Kuhn C.⁵⁴^ORCID,Kuijer P. G.⁷⁷^ORCID,Kumaoka T.⁷⁸,Kumar D.³,Kumar L.⁸⁶^ORCID,Kumar N.⁸⁶,Kumar S.⁴⁵^ORCID,Kundu S.⁴^ORCID,Kurashvili P.¹¹⁹^ORCID,Kurepin A.¹¹^ORCID,Kurepin A. B.¹¹^ORCID,Kuryakin A.¹¹^ORCID,Kushpil S.²^ORCID,Kuskov V.¹¹^ORCID,Kutyla M.⁷³,Kweon M. J.⁷⁶^ORCID,Kwon Y.¹⁰⁰^ORCID,La Pointe S. L.¹²^ORCID,La Rocca P.⁷^ORCID,Lakrathok A.¹¹⁰,Lamanna M.⁴^ORCID,Landou A. R.³²^ORCID,Langoy R.¹²⁰^ORCID,Larionov P.⁴^ORCID,Laudi E.⁴^ORCID,Lautner L.⁴²²^ORCID,Laveaga R. A. N.⁵⁵,Lavicka R.⁶⁶^ORCID,Lea R.⁶⁴⁶¹^ORCID,Lee H.¹⁸^ORCID,Legrand I.²⁴^ORCID,Legras G.²⁶^ORCID,Lehrbach J.¹²^ORCID,Lelek T. M.⁴³,Lemmon R. C.¹²¹^ORCID,León Monzón I.⁵⁵^ORCID,Lesch M. 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Affiliation:

1. Université Clermont Auvergne

2. Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences

3. Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre

4. European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)

5. Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università

6. Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico

7. Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università

8. Aligarh Muslim University

9. Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information

10. P.J. Šafárik University

11. CERN

12. Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt

13. GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung

14. INFN, Sezione di Torino

15. Central China Normal University

16. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

17. University of Houston

18. Sungkyunkwan University

19. University of Bergen

20. INFN, Sezione di Cagliari

21. INFN, Sezione di Bari

22. Physik Department

23. Universidad Autónoma de Puebla

24. Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering

25. University of Derby

26. Universität Münster

27. Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg

28. INFN, Sezione di Padova

29. INFN, Sezione di Bologna

30. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

31. IMT Atlantique

32. Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie

33. Universidade de São Paulo (USP)

34. University of Oslo

35. Yale University

36. University of Tokyo

37. INFN, Sezione di Catania

38. Gangneung-Wonju National University

39. University of Science and Technology of China

40. Indian Institute of Technology Indore

41. University of Jammu

42. Université Paris-Saclay

43. AGH University of Krakow

44. Bose Institute

45. Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica ‘M. Merlin’

46. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens

47. Gauhati University

48. HUN-REN Wigner Research Centre for Physics

49. University of Liverpool

50. Lund University

51. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT)

52. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú

53. University of Copenhagen

54. Université de Strasbourg

55. Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa

56. Institute of Space Science (ISS)

57. Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati

58. Czech Technical University in Prague

59. The University of Texas at Austin

60. Università di Pavia

61. INFN, Sezione di Pavia

62. Oak Ridge National Laboratory

63. Pusan National University

64. Università di Brescia

65. Politecnico di Bari and Sezione INFN

66. Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI)

67. iThemba LABS

68. University of the Witwatersrand

69. The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences

70. Dipartimento di Fisica ‘E.R. Caianiello’ dell'Università

71. Universitatea Nationala de Stiinta si Tehnologie Politehnica Bucuresti

72. Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon

73. Warsaw University of Technology

74. Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics

75. Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)

76. Inha University

77. National Institute for Subatomic Physics

78. University of Tsukuba

79. University of Birmingham

80. Università del Piemonte Orientale

81. Universidade Federal do ABC

82. National Institute of Science Education and Research

83. University of California, Berkeley

84. Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN)

85. University of Cape Town

86. Panjab University

87. Comenius University Bratislava

88. Hiroshima University

89. INFN, Sezione di Trieste

90. Saga University

91. Chicago State University

92. University of Kansas

93. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)

94. University of Tennessee, Knoxville

95. Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science

96. Wayne State University

97. Faculty of Electrical Engineering

98. Utrecht University

99. A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation

100. Yonsei University

101. University of Jyväskylä

102. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn

103. Western Norway University of Applied Sciences

104. Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV)

105. Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik

106. Ohio State University

107. Technical University of Košice

108. National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN

109. China Institute of Atomic Energy

110. Suranaree University of Technology

111. Institute of Experimental Physics

112. KTO Karatay University

113. University of Zagreb

114. Zentrum für Technologie und Transfer (ZTT), Worms

115. Jeonbuk National University

116. Sejong University

117. Sofia University

118. California Polytechnic State University

119. National Centre for Nuclear Research

120. University of South-Eastern Norway

121. Daresbury Laboratory

122. Fudan University

123. Università di Messina

124. Università degli Studi di Foggia

125. Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP)

126. Chungbuk National University

127. China University of Geosciences

128. Creighton University

129. National Nuclear Research Center

130. Homi Bhabha National Institute

131. Physikalisches Institut

132. Nara Women's University (NWU)

133. Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics

134. Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences

Abstract

Measurements of the pT-dependent flow vector fluctuations in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV using azimuthal correlations with the ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider are presented. A four-particle correlation approach [ALICE Collaboration, ] is used to quantify the effects of flow angle and magnitude fluctuations separately. This paper extends previous studies to additional centrality intervals and provides measurements of the pT-dependent flow vector fluctuations at sNN=5.02TeV with two-particle correlations. Significant pT-dependent fluctuations of the V⃗2 flow vector in Pb–Pb collisions are found across different centrality ranges, with the largest fluctuations of up to ∼15% being present in the 5% most central collisions. In parallel, no evidence of significant pT-dependent fluctuations of V⃗3 or V⃗4 is found. Additionally, evidence of flow angle and magnitude fluctuations is observed with more than 5σ significance in central collisions. These observations in Pb–Pb collisions indicate where the classical picture of hydrodynamic modeling with a common symmetry plane breaks down. This has implications for hard probes at high pT, which might be biased by pT-dependent flow angle fluctuations of at least 23% in central collisions. Given the presented results, existing theoretical models should be reexamined to improve our understanding of initial conditions, quark–gluon plasma properties, and the dynamic evolution of the created system.

2024

CERN

Funder

Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften

Austrian Science Fund

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond

Danmarks Grundforskningsfond