On the Reasons of the Seasonality of the Epidemic Process of Rotaviral, Noroviral and Enteroviral Infections

Abstract

Relevance. Rotavirus infection (RVI) and norovirus infection (NVI) are characterized by seasonal increases in morbidity in the winter months, and for enterovirus infection (EVI) - in the summer.The aimis to study of scientific literature data regarding the reasons for the seasonality of the epidemic process of RVI, NVI and EVI.Materials and methods. The data of 52 scientific publications related to the epidemic process of RVI, NVI, and EVI were analyzed. The descriptive research method usedResults. Seasonal activation of the epidemic process of RVI and NVI is observed in cold period of the year in the background of a decrease in air temperature and humidity, which leads to an increase in the survival rate of rotaviruses and noroviruses in the environment and can contribute to the implementation of domestic, water and food transmission ways of the pathogen. In addition, the increase in population density in the winter months determines the implementation of the aerosol mechanism of transmission of rotaviruses and noroviruses during this period. In contrast to RVI and NVI, seasonal activation of the epidemic process of EVI is observed everywhere in warm months, which is associated with the biological characteristics of enteroviruses, for their survival in the external environment are favorable conditions for high temperature and high humidity.Conclusion. The reasons for the seasonality of the epidemic process of RVI, NVI, EVI are substantiated.