Heterogeneity of Drug Allergies and Reaction Lists in Two U.S. Health Care Systems' Electronic Health Records

Author:

Yerneni Sharmitha1,Shah Sonam N.12,Blackley Suzanne V.3,Ortega Carlos A.1,Blumenthal Kimberly G.4567,Goss Foster89,Seger Diane L.3,Wickner Paige G.410,Mancini Christian M.4567,Bates David W.14,Zhou Li14

Affiliation:

1. Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

2. Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

3. Clinical and Quality Analysis, Mass General Brigham, Somerville, Massachusetts, United States

4. Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

5. Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

6. The Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

7. Edward P. Lawrence Center for Quality and Safety, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

8. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, United States

9. University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, United States

10. Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Abstract

Abstract Background Health care institutions have their own “picklist” for clinicians to document adverse drug reactions (ADRs) into the electronic health record (EHR) allergy list. Whether the lack of a nationally standardized picklist impacts clinician data entries is unknown. Objectives The objective of this study was to assess the impact of defined reaction picklists on clinical documentation and, therefore, downstream analytics and clinical research using these data at two institutions. Methods ADR data were obtained from the EHRs of patients who visited the emergency department or outpatient clinics at Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) and University of Colorado Hospital (UCH) from 2013 to 2018. Reported drug class ADR prevalences were calculated. We investigated the reactions on each picklist and compared the top 40 reactions at each institution, as well as the top 10 reactions within each drug class. Results Of 2,160,116 patients, 640,444 (30%) had 928,973 active drug allergies. The most commonly reported drug class allergens were similar between BWH and UCH. BWH's picklist had 48 reactions, and UCH's had 160 reactions; 29 reactions were shared by both picklists. While the top four reactions overall (rash, GI upset/nausea/vomiting, hives, itching) were identical between sites, reactions by drug class exhibited greater documentation diversity. For example, while the summed prevalence of swelling-related reactions to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors was comparable across sites, swelling was represented by two terms (“swelling,” “angioedema”) at BWH but 11 terms at UCH (e.g., “swelling,” “edema,” by body locality). Conclusion The availability and granularity of reaction picklists impact ADR documentation in the EHR by health care providers; picklists may partially explain variations in reported ADRs across health care systems.

Funder

U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

Publisher

Georg Thieme Verlag KG

Subject

Health Information Management,Computer Science Applications,Health Informatics

Reference17 articles.

1. Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events. Implications for prevention;D W Bates;JAMA,1995

2. The making and adoption of health data standards;W E Hammond;Health Aff (Millwood),2005

3. EHRs: the challenges of making electronic data usable and interoperable;M Reisman;P&T,2017

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