Life-time Actionable Pharmacogenetic Drug Use: A Population-based Cohort Study in 86 040 Young People With and Without Mental Disorders in Denmark

Abstract

Abstract Objective To describe life-time use of current actionable pharmacogenetic (PGx) somatic and psychotropic drugs according to international PGx consortia in people with and without hospital-diagnosed mental disorders in the Danish population. Methods Population- and register-based observational drug utilization study in 56 065 individuals with mental disorders, i. e. attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism, bipolar disorder, depression and schizophrenia, and a random, representative sample of 29 975 individuals of the Danish population, born between 1981 and 2005. Individuals were followed from 1995 or birth until 2016 (for a maximum of 22 years). We report prevalence and incidence rates of PGx drug use by age, sex and mental disorders based on redeemed prescriptions between 1995 and 2016. Results Of the 69 PGx drugs, prescriptions of 39 drugs had been redeemed by the study population by 35 years of age. The use of at least 1 PGx drug varied between 23.1% in males without mental disorders and 97.2% in females with schizophrenia. Males with ADHD or autism were the youngest first-time PGx drug users at a mean of 11.6 years. The mean number of different PGx drugs used was 1.2 in males without mental disorders and 5.6 in individuals with schizophrenia. The prevalence of different PGx drugs linked to more than one gene was 25.3% in males without mental disorders to 94.1% in females with schizophrenia. Conclusion PGx drugs are commonly used by younger people, more often by individuals with mental disorders and by females. Panel-based PGx testing could contribute to treatment decisions at a very young age.