Middle-distance Front Crawl Determinants When Using a Wetsuit

Author:

Gay Ana1,Ruiz-Navarro Jesús J.1,Cuenca-Fernández Francisco1,López-Belmonte Óscar1,Fernandes Ricardo J.23,Arellano Raúl1

Affiliation:

1. Aquatics Lab, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain

2. Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

3. Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP‑UP), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

Abstract

AbstractOur aim was to establish the determinants explaining the wetsuit advantages in middle-distance swimming efforts. Thirty-one triathletes and open water swimmers performed two 400 m front crawl bouts in a 25 m swimming pool with swim and wetsuits (with 48 h rest in-between). Anthropometric, kinematic and physiological variables were measured and Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise linear regression analysis were used to determine their relationships. Associations observed in the 400 m front crawl included time improved using wetsuit with swimmers age (r=0.38; p=0.017), cross-sectional area (r=0.33; p=0.034), wetsuit upper limbs thickness (r=–0.49; p=0.010), ΔInternational Swimming Federation Points (r=–0.39;p=0.016), Δstroke rate (SR, r=0.48; p=0.003), Δstroke length (SL, r=-0.39; p=0.015), Δpropelling efficiency (r=–0.37; p=0.019) and Δblood lactate concentrations (r=0.30; p=0.048) in the total sample. In females, associations were found between the time improved and wetsuit upper and lower limbs thickness (both r=–0.78; p=0.011), and in males associations were found between time improved and age (r=0.43; p=0.030), ΔSR (r=0.56; p=0.005) and ΔSL (r=–0.44; p=0.026). Furthermore, 48% of the 400 m front crawl time improved was explained by wetsuit upper limbs thickness and SR changes (total sample), 62% explained by the wetsuit lower limbs thickness (females) and 48% of this enhancement was related to age and SR changes (males). Therefore, faster upper and lower limbs actions and wetsuit upper and lower limbs thickness are beneficial for 400 m front crawl performance improvement.

Funder

Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (Spanish Agency of Research

European Regional Development Fund

SWIM II: Specific Water Innovative Measurements

Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport

Publisher

Georg Thieme Verlag KG

Subject

Orthopedics and Sports Medicine,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation

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