Affiliation:
1. Department of Obstetric, The First People's Hospital of
Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200,
China
Abstract
Abstract
Objective This study focused on the association of the Dietary
Inflammatory Index (DII) with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
(NHANES).
Methods Data from two cycles of NHANES (2007–2010) were analyzed. Weighted
logistic regression models were constructed to explore the relationship between
DII and GDM. Stratified and subgroup analyses with adjustment for confounding
factors were carried out to explore the association between DII and GDM.
Mediation analysis was conducted to investigate potential mediating factors.
Results A total of 1,421 samples were analyzed. Based on the weighted
logistic regression model, a strong positive association was observed between
DII score and GDM risk (OR: 1.14, 95%CI: 1.02–1.26, P<0.01),
suggesting that a pro-inflammatory diet could considerably increase the
likelihood of GDM occurrence. This positive association was particularly
significant in populations who consume alcohol (OR:1.17, 95%CI: 1.03–1.34,
P<0.01) and have a body mass index>30 kg/m² (OR: 1.18, 95% CI:
1.01–1.38, P<0.05). Mediation analysis indicated that the white blood
cell count mediated the association between DII and GDM, with an indirect effect
of 0.000828 (95% CI: 0.000226–0.001347, P=0.001) and a mediation
proportion of 8.01%. Specifically, the neutrophil count as a component
contributed to this mediation effect (0.000774, 95% CI: 0.00014–0.001063,
P=0.001), with a mediation proportion of 7.59%.
Conclusion A pro-inflammatory diet in women elevates the likelihood of GDM
occurrence. An anti-inflammatory dietary pattern may be a protective
intervention for GDM.