The East Asian Paradox: An Updated Position Statement on the Challenges to the Current Antithrombotic Strategy in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

Author:

Kim Hyun Kuk1,Tantry Udaya S.2,Smith Sidney C.3,Jeong Myung Ho4,Park Seung-Jung5,Kim Moo Hyun6ORCID,Lim Do-Sun7,Shin Eun-Seok8,Park Duk-Woo5,Huo Yong9,Chen Shao-Liang10,Bo Zheng9,Goto Shinya11ORCID,Kimura Takeshi12,Yasuda Satoshi13,Chen Wen-Jone14,Chan Mark15,Aradi Daniel16,Geisler Tobias17,Gorog Diana A.1819,Sibbing Dirk2021,Lip Gregory Y. H.22ORCID,Angiolillo Dominick J.23,Gurbel Paul A.2,Jeong Young-Hoon2425

Affiliation:

1. Department of Cardiology, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea

2. Sinai Center for Thrombosis Research, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, United States

3. Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States

4. Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea

5. The Heart Institute, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea

6. Department of Cardiology, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, South Korea

7. Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea

8. Division of Cardiology, Ulsan Hospital, Ulsan, South Korea

9. Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China

10. Cardiovascular Department, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

11. Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan

12. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

13. National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan

14. Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

15. Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

16. Heart Centre Balatonfüred and Heart and Vascular Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

17. Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

18. National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom

19. Postgraduate Medical School, University of Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom

20. Department of Cardiology, LMU München, Munich, Germany

21. DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany

22. Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom

23. Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida, United States

24. Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, South Korea

25. Institute of the Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea

Abstract

AbstractEast Asian patients have reduced anti-ischemic benefits and increased bleeding risk during antithrombotic therapies compared with Caucasian patients. As potent P2Y12 receptor inhibitors (e.g., ticagrelor and prasugrel) and direct oral anticoagulants are commonly used in current daily practice, the unique risk–benefit trade-off in East Asians has been a topic of emerging interest. In this article, we propose updated evidence and future directions of antithrombotic treatment in East Asian patients.

Funder

Basic Science Research Program

Publisher

Georg Thieme Verlag KG

Subject

Hematology

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