Acute Respiratory Failure and Pulmonary Complications in End-Stage Liver Disease

Author:

Wang Tisha1,Barjaktarevic Igor1,Chang Steven1,Qadir Nida1

Affiliation:

1. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California

Abstract

AbstractAcute respiratory failure has a high mortality in patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD). These patients may develop acute respiratory failure for reasons specific to advanced liver disease, including hepatopulmonary syndrome, portopulmonary hypertension, and hepatic hydrothorax. They may also develop respiratory complications due to conditions seen in the general intensive care unit population to which ESLD patients are at higher risk, including infection, volume overload, and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Management of these patients is complicated and multifaceted, and a comprehensive understanding of the etiologies and treatment of acute respiratory failure is critical in this high-risk patient population. This article reviews current evidence surrounding the prevalence, management, and complications of the various etiologies of acute respiratory failure in ESLD patients.

Publisher

Georg Thieme Verlag KG

Subject

Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

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