Prevalence of synchronous neoplasia in patients with large pedunculated colorectal polyps

Abstract

Background Large (≥ 20 mm) nonpedunculated colorectal lesions have high rates of synchronous neoplasia and advanced neoplasia. Synchronous neoplasia prevalence in patients with large pedunculated lesions is uncertain. We describe synchronous neoplasia in patients with large pedunculated colorectal polyps, using a cohort of patients with large nonpedunculated lesions as controls. Methods This study was a retrospective assessment of a prospectively recorded database listing synchronous findings in patients with ≥ 20 mm colorectal lesions referred to a tertiary center for endoscopic resection. Results At least one synchronous precancerous lesion was identified in 66/78 patients with large pedunculated index lesions (84.6 %, 95 %CI 74.9–91.1) and 726/814 patients with large nonpedunculated index lesions (89.2 %, 95 %CI 87.1–91.3). Patients with a large pedunculated index lesion had mean of 4.8 synchronous conventional adenomas, 56.4 % had ≥ 1 synchronous high risk lesion (advanced adenoma or advanced serrated lesion), 48.7 % had ≥ 1 synchronous advanced conventional adenoma, and 19.2 % had a synchronous neoplastic lesion ≥ 20 mm. Compared with patients with nonpedunculated index lesions, patients with large pedunculated index lesions had comparable rates of synchronous polyps, adenomas, and sessile serrated lesions, and higher rates of synchronous adenomas with villous elements (15.6 % [95 %CI 13.3–18.3] vs. 26.9 % [95 %CI 18.3–37.7]; P = 0.01) and synchronous pedunculated polyps (9.5 % [95 %CI 7.6–11.7] vs. 33.3 % [95 %CI 23.8–44.4]; P < 0.001). Conclusion In patients with large (≥ 20 mm) pedunculated colorectal lesions, rates of synchronous neoplasia and advanced synchronous neoplasia were high and comparable to or higher than rates of synchronous neoplasia in patients with large nonpedunculated colorectal lesions.