Affiliation:
1. Sakarya University Education and Research Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sakarya, Turkey
2. University of Health Sciences, Zekai Tahir Burak Womenʼs Health Research and Education Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
3. University of Health Sciences, Zekai Tahir Burak Womenʼs Health Research and Education Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to compare serum vitamin D and osteocalcin levels in non-osteoporotic postmenopausal women with and without metabolic syndrome and to analyze the relationship between serum vitamin D and osteocalcin levels and the relationships between these two factors and other clinical/biochemical parameters.
Material and Method This cross-sectional study was carried out in 191 postmenopausal non-osteoporotic (T-score > − 2.5) women. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of metabolic syndrome. Blood samples were obtained and evaluated for 25-hydroxyvitamin D, osteocalcin, insulin resistance (using a homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), calcium, phosphorus, deoxypyridinoline, thyroid-stimulating hormone, lipid profile, fasting insulin, fasting glucose and HbA1c levels. Demographic and laboratory parameters were recorded for each woman.
Results Vitamin D was found to be lower in women with metabolic syndrome compared to controls (16.1 ± 11.2 vs. 20.4 ± 13.1 mg/dL; p = 0.013). Similarly, osteocalcin was found to be significantly lower in the metabolic syndrome group compared to the control group (4.2 ± 2.1 vs. 5.5 ± 3.0; p < 0.001). A significant positive correlation was observed between vitamin D and osteocalcin levels (r = 0.198; p = 0.008). There was an inverse correlation between vitamin D and some of the lipid parameters. However, osteocalcin levels were negatively correlated with C-reactive protein, insulin resistance, and HbA1c in both groups (p = 0.003, p = 0.001 and p = 0.048, respectively).
Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is common in postmenopausal women, even in women who are non-osteoporotic. Serum levels of vitamin D are significantly decreased in cases with metabolic syndrome. Vitamin D may directly improve serum lipid profiles and may indirectly decrease insulin resistance and subclinical systemic inflammation through the impact on the metabolic functions of osteocalcin.
Subject
Maternity and Midwifery,Obstetrics and Gynecology
Cited by
8 articles.
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