The Role of Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 Circulating Cytokines in Differentiating between Feeding Intolerance and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants

Author:

Lodha Abhay12,Howlett Alexandra1,Ahmed Talat3,Moore Aideen45

Affiliation:

1. Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada

2. Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada

3. Houston Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Bellaire, Texas

4. Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

5. Department of Pediatrics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Abstract

Objective To describe the circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-8 in stable premature infants, infants with suspect necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)/feeding intolerance (FI), and infants with proven NEC and to determine whether combinations of markers could provide a diagnostic tool for differentiating between benign FI and NEC. Methods Seventy infants were enrolled in a prospective study performed in two university neonatal intensive care units. Thirty-five matched controls (CON), 23 infants with FI or suspect NEC, and 12 infants with definitive and surgical NEC were studied. The pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8) levels were measured at the onset of FI or NEC, or during week 2 to 3 for CON. Results There was no statistically significant difference in TNF-α levels among the three patient groups. IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly elevated in NEC group as compared with CON (p > 0.001), and in NEC group as compared with FI/suspect NEC. There was no significant difference in individual plasma levels of IL-6 or IL-8 between the CON and FI. The combined serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 was more predictive of NEC stage II/III (area under the curve = 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69–0.92; p < 0.0001). Conclusion IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly elevated in infants with definitive surgical NEC but not those with FI. The combined level of IL-6 and IL-8 may be useful for distinguishing infants with suspect NEC/FI from those with NEC.

Publisher

Georg Thieme Verlag KG

Subject

Obstetrics and Gynaecology,Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health

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