Haloferrocenes: Syntheses and Selected Reactions

Abstract

Although haloferrocenes constitute important starting materials for many ferrocene-derived products with importance in a variety of fields such as materials science, medicinal chemistry and catalysis, only relatively few haloferrocenes out of the large number of possible examples have been prepared so far. The first part of this review summarizes the syntheses of all the homo- and heterohaloferrocenes known up to date. The second part summarizes typical reactions of haloferrocenes, namely lithiation followed by trapping with an electrophile, copper-mediated halogen substitution, coupling with formation of diferrocenyl derivatives, ortho-lithiation followed by trapping with an electrophile, palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions and finally miscellaneous reactions.1 Introduction2 Homohaloferrocenes2.1 Fluoroferrocenes2.2 Chloroferrocenes2.3 Bromoferrocenes2.4 Iodoferrocenes3 Heterohaloferrocenes4 Selected Reactions of Haloferrocenes4.1 Lithiation Followed by Trapping with an Electrophile4.2 Copper-Mediated Halogen Substitution4.3 Coupling with Formation of Diferrocenyl Derivatives4.4 ortho-Lithiation of Haloferrocenes4.5 Palladium-Catalyzed Reactions of Haloferrocenes4.6 Miscellaneous Reactions of Haloferrocenes5 Conclusions