Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Electron-Deficient Heteroarenes

Abstract

AbstractIn recent decades, transition-metal-catalyzed nucleophilic dearomatization of electron-deficient heteroarenes, such as pyridines, quinolines, isoquinolines and nitroindoles, has become a powerful method for accessing unsaturated heterocycles. This short review summarizes nucleophilic dearomatizations of electron-deficient hetero­arenes with carbon- and heteroatom-based nucleophiles via transition-metal catalysis. A significant number of functionalized heterocycles are obtained via this transformation. Importantly, many of these reactions are carried out in an enantioselective manner by means of asymmetric catalysis, providing a unique method for the construction of enantio­enriched heterocycles.1 Introduction2 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Hetero­arenes via Alkynylation3 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Heteroarenes­ via Arylation4 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Dearomatization of Heteroarenes­ with Other Nucleophiles5 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Dearomatization with Nucleophiles Formed In Situ6 Conclusion and Outlook