Area Postrema Syndrome as the Onset of Neuromyelitis Optica in a Pediatric Patient: Case Report

Author:

Mancera-Alzate Juan M.1ORCID,Brito-Hurtado Taina Y.2ORCID,Rojas-Ceron Christian A.3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia

2. Department of Pediatric, Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia

3. Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hospital Universitario del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia

Abstract

AbstractArea postrema syndrome, characterized by nausea, emesis, and persistent hiccups can be the initial manifestation of demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system.We report a 4-year-old girl who presented with intractable vomiting that was noted to have signs of demyelination in the area postrema. MRI of the spine revealed longitudinally extensive myelitis in the cervical and thoracic spine. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) was suspected. Serum anti-aquaporin 4 antibodies were positive. Oligoclonal bands in cerebrospinal fluid were negative.NMOSDs are extremely rare in the pediatric population, this being the second case reported in Colombia. It is crucial to consider the possibility of such neurological disorders in the setting of intractable vomiting.

Publisher

Georg Thieme Verlag KG

Reference16 articles.

1. Area postrema syndrome: a short history of a pearl in demyelinating diseases;C R Camara-Lemarroy;Mult Scler,2019

2. Area postrema syndrome as frequent feature of Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis;P S Zeiner;Ann Clin Transl Neurol,2018

3. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder;D M Wingerchuk;N Engl J Med,2022

4. Síndrome del área postrema;A Pabón-Moreno;Med Int Mex.,2021

5. Area postrema syndrome as initial manifestation in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients: a retrospective study;C Zhou;Rev Neurol (Paris),2021

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