Ectopic Molar Removal from the Ramus/Condyle Unit: A Minimally Invasive Approach

Abstract

Ectopic molars within the mandibular ramus/condyle unit, although rare, present a unique challenge to the surgeon. Multiple approaches have been described in the literature for their removal. A review of the English literature on the subject of mandibular ectopic molars and their epidemiology, etiology, indications for removal, and surgical techniques was completed. In addition, a case report is presented of an ectopic mandibular molar in the mid-ramus region which was removed via a minimally invasive, intraoral, technique combining the use of endoscopy and piezoelectric surgery. The authors advocate this technique as it offers the following advantages: avoidance of injury to branches of the facial nerve, unaesthetic scars, and sialocele formation; maximization of surgical field visualization with limited dissection; ability for safe sectioning of the tooth with minimal risks to adjacent structures; and precise bone removal, reducing the risk of iatrogenic or postoperative mandible fracture.