Focal Autoimmune Pancreatitis: A Simple Flow Chart for a Challenging Diagnosis

Author:

Conti Clara Benedetta1,Cereatti Fabrizio1,Drago Andrea1,Grassia Roberto1

Affiliation:

1. Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Unit, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy

Abstract

AbstractAutoimmune pancreatitis is a chronic fibroinflammatory autoimmune mediated disease of the pancreas. Clinically, obstructive painless jaundice and upper abdominal pain are the main symptoms. Focal AIP is characterized by segmental involvement of pancreatic parenchyma and it is often radiologically represented by a pancreatic mass. In these cases, the diagnosis can be very challenging, since it may be easily confused with pancreatic cancer. Therefore, we suggest a combined approach of imaging tests as the diagnostic workup. EUS study combined with CEUS and elastography, if available, increases the accuracy of the method to rule out cancer. Moreover, the lesion should always be sampled under EUS guidance to obtain a cyto/histological diagnosis. The diagnostic workup should also include the use of diagnostic clinical criteria (extrapancreatic lesions, steroid response) and laboratory findings (CA 19.9 and IgG4 evaluations).

Publisher

Georg Thieme Verlag KG

Subject

Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging

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