FXR Friend-ChIPs in the Enterohepatic System

Author:

Meadows Vik12,Yang Zhenning12,Basaly Veronia12,Guo Grace L.123

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey

2. Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey

3. Department of Veterans Affairs, New Jersey Health Care System, East Orange, New Jersey

Abstract

Chronic liver diseases encompass a wide spectrum of hepatic maladies that often result in cholestasis or altered bile acid secretion and regulation. Incidence and cost of care for many chronic liver diseases are rising in the United States with few Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs available for patient treatment. Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is the master regulator of bile acid homeostasis with an important role in lipid and glucose metabolism and inflammation. FXR has served as an attractive target for management of cholestasis and fibrosis; however, global FXR agonism results in adverse effects in liver disease patients, severely affecting quality of life. In this review, we highlight seminal studies and recent updates on the FXR proteome and identify gaps in knowledge that are essential for tissue-specific FXR modulation. In conclusion, one of the greatest unmet needs in the field is understanding the underlying mechanism of intestinal versus hepatic FXR function.

Funder

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

National Institutes of Health

Momental Foundation

Publisher

Georg Thieme Verlag KG

Subject

Hepatology

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