Quality Improvement Initiative for Aspirin Screening and Prescription Rates for Preeclampsia Prevention in an Outpatient Obstetric Clinic

Abstract

Objective Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) impact 10% of pregnancies in the United States and cause adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes such as prematurity and low birth weight. Aspirin administration to at-risk individuals during pregnancy can reduce risk of HDP. Study Design Define-Measure-Assess-Improve-Control methodology was utilized to improve aspirin screening in an outpatient obstetric clinic. Retrospective cohort analysis compared outcome metrics pre- and postimplementation by using logistic regression models, adjusting for race and insurance. Key informant interviews and process mapping identified barriers to aspirin screening. A multidisciplinary team implemented low-cost strategies such as provider education, additional screening by ancillary staff, automated electronic reminders, and standardized patient counseling. Results Over 6 months, the screening rate improved from 62.5 to 92.0% (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 6.89, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.30–14.43). The prescription rate for patients correctly identified to be eligible for aspirin improved from 66.7 to 82.4% (aOR = 1.96, 95% CI: 0.88–4.35). Conclusion Comprehensive, tailored quality improvement efforts can significantly increase aspirin screening and prescription, which may decrease maternal and neonatal morbidity due to HDP. Key Points