1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
2. Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
3. Emergency Medicine, UnityPoint Health-Trinity Medical Center, Rock Island, Illinois, United States
4. Center for Access and Delivery Research and Evaluation, Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
5. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
6. Institute for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
7. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
8. School of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Healthcare Quality and Safety, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States
9. Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness, and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States