Affiliation:
1. Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
2. Vet Med Labor GmbH Division of IDEXX Laboratories
Abstract
AbstractA 9-year-old female neutered domestic shorthair cat diagnosed with immune-mediated thrombocytopenia that was treated with
prednisolone and cyclosporine, was presented for anorexia, vomiting, increased liver enzymes, and hyperbilirubinemia.
Abdominal ultrasound revealed a markedly thickened gallbladder and common bile duct wall. Bile cytology detected severe
neutrophilic inflammation and protozoal zoites. Suspected Toxoplasma gondii infection was confirmed by real-time
PCR of bile. The cat was treated with clindamycin and ursodeoxycholic acid for 6 weeks, recovered and remained stable
for 2 years despite ongoing immunosuppressive treatment. Thereafter, the cat was presented with suspicion of intestinal
lymphoma, and recurrence of toxoplasmosis was diagnosed. Following treatment with clindamycin and prednisolone over 4
weeks the cat was euthanized. This is the first report of Toxoplasma gondii zoites detected in bile fluid from a
cat with cholecystitis. Pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis in cats is still not fully understood. Although immunosuppression
can represent a relevant predisposing factor, other factors, such as virulence of the parasite and genetic polymorphism
of the host, can also play an important role. Toxoplasmosis should be included as a differential diagnosis in cats
developing clinical signs of an inflammatory disease while receiving immunosuppressive treatment.
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8 articles.
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