Immediate effects of kinesio taping and vibration therapy on manual dexterity in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: a randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Background/Aims In children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy, the upper extremity is usually more affected than the lower extremity. Somatosensory, functional and developmental disorders cause difficulties in hand function. The aim of this study was to assess the immediate effects of kinesio tape and vibration therapy in addition to conventional physiotherapy on gross and fine manual dexterity in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy. Methods A total of 45 children aged 4–18 years with mild to moderate spasticity (at levels 0, 1, 1+, 2 according to the Modified Ashworth Scale) who could grip and release an object, and those who had hand function at levels 1, 2 and 3 according to the Manual Ability Classification System and were diagnosed with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy, were included in the study. The children were randomised into three groups: vibration therapy, kinesio taping and control, with 15 children in each group. While conventional physiotherapy was regularly continued in all three groups, the kinesio taping group had kinesio tape applied to the wrist extensors, with 50% tension on the wrist and thumb and 25% tension on the fingers at the beginning of the session. The vibration therapy group received vibration to the forearm extensor muscle group at the end of the session. Vibration was applied to the widest part of the forearm extensor muscles with a 7 cm tip at a frequency of 80 Hz, amplitude of 1 mm, vibration for 10 seconds and rest for 5 seconds, for a total of 10 minutes. Gross and fine dexterity were assessed by Box and Block Test and Nine-Hole Peg Test before and after treatment. Results When the groups were compared before and after the intervention, a significant improvement was found in the Nine-Hole Peg Test scores of the kinesio taping (105.11± 66.99 vs 86.22 ± 51.88, P<0.05) and vibration therapy (61.70 ± 35.54 vs 57.29 ± 38.05, P<0.05) groups and in the Box and Block Test scores of all three groups: kinesio taping group (25.13 ± 14.33 vs 28.40 ± 14.23, P<0.05), vibration therapy group (35.00 ± 11.69 vs 39.07 ± 12.43, P<0.05), control group (34.60 ± 11.74 vs 37.80 ± 11.22, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the Nine-Hole Peg Test scores between the groups, while a significant improvement was found in the Box-Block Test scores of the kinesio taping group compared to the vibration therapy and control groups (P<0.05). Conclusions Kinesio taping and vibration have positive immediate effects on gross and fine manual dexterity in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy and can be used by physiotherapists to support conventional physiotherapy and rehabilitation programmes.