Treatment options for benign prostate enlargement

Abstract

Benign prostate enlargement or benign prostatic hyperplasia is a very common condition in men as they get older. It is the most common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men. LUTS can significantly affect quality of life. Symptoms include frequent urination, a weak stream, incomplete bladder emptying, hesitancy to urinate, dribbling after urination, nocturia, urinary tract infections and urinary retention. Some men may be able to manage their symptoms with lifestyle changes and monitoring; however, many need treatment. Treatment depends on the individual and what impact his symptoms are having on his wellbeing. Treatment may include drugs, such as alpha-adrenergic blockers and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, or surgical intervention. Surgical procedures include transurethral resection of the prostate, laser, prostate artery embolisation, UroLift, water vaporisation and water jet ablation. However, all treatments cause side effects. It is important that the patient is at the centre of care and makes an informed decision about his treatment with the support of his health professional.