Theories of stress and coping and how they relate to individuals with venous leg ulceration

Abstract

The experience of living with venous leg ulceration has been shown to have a negative effect on an individual's physical, psychological and social functioning. Associated factors such as pain, exudate, odour and limitations to an individual's mobility and social life are common stressors that impact on a patient's quality of life which can lead to stress, depression and anxiety. While acute stress is an innate and necessary physiological response, chronic stress can lead to alterations in the immune system that can prolong wound healing. Cognitive theories of stress and coping can help to explain how people react to these experiences, an understanding of which could help healthcare professionals develop an improved level of concordance with their patients. This narrative review examines existing theories regarding stress and coping and explores how these relate to people who have a venous leg ulcer using a case study approach as a basis for the discussion.