Is it time to re-evaluate the inevitability of ulcers at the end of life?

Abstract

Background: The prevention of pressure injuries/ulcers (PI/PUs) in patients at the end of life is achievable, albeit challenging. Objective diagnostic tools, such as sub-epidermal moisture (SEM) scanning, support healthcare practitioners' clinical judgment in preventing PI/PUs. Aim: A pragmatic study was conducted to assess the feasibility of preventing PI/PUs using SEM technology as an adjunct to routine care in a 22-bed inpatient hospice. Methods: Daily SEM scanning was introduced to support the device-trained practitioners' clinical judgment in detecting developing, non-visible PI/PUs. Preventive interventions were initiated by clinical judgment informed by Waterlow scores, visible, tactile skin and tissue assessments and scanner readings. Results: Prior to the study, the incidence of PI/PUs was 9%. The 6 month study period reported a 4.8% PI/PU incidence, 7/146 consenting patients developed a PI/PU, resulting in a 47% reduction in incidence rates. Conclusion: Preventing the development of PI/PUs is possible with clinical judgment aided by SEM data.