Diagnostic and periprocedural discomfort in inflammatory bowel disease: a concept analysis using the Rodgers evolutionary method

Abstract

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, autoimmune gastrointestinal illness with a significant disease burden. The concept of discomfort in IBD lacks conceptual clarity. Aims: To analyse the concept of diagnostic and periprocedural discomfort in IBD and provide an understanding of its evolution, use in IBD research and implications for clinical practice through its attributes, antecedents, consequences and related terms. Methods: The Rodgers evolutionary concept analysis method guided this inductive approach. Findings: Seven journal articles, a dictionary, a thesaurus and one book were included in this analysis. The analysis yielded 12 surrogate terms, three attributes, five antecedents and one consequence. Diagnostic and periprocedural discomfort in IBD is an unpleasant, multidimensional and subjective experience, with biological, psychological or technical antecedents, which can occur independently of pain. Conclusion: Further research is required to enhance understanding of discomfort to improve the care of people living with IBD and their relationship with healthcare providers.