1. Medical Research Council (United Kingdom) Laboratories The Gambia, Fajara, The Gambia, West Africa;
2. Nuffield Department of Medicine, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom;
3. Academic Unit of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Infection and Immunity, The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom;
4. Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom;
5. Projecto de Saúde de Bandim/Indepth Network, Bissau City, Guinea-Bissau;
6. Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu Natal, Berea, South Africa; and
7. Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom