1. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;
2. Department of Hematology, 303rd Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
3. Department of Birth Health and Heredity, Liuzhou Women and Children Care Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China;
4. Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Women and Children Care Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China;
5. Department of Birth Health and Heredity, Zhuhai Women and Children Care Hospital, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China;
6. Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; and
7. Red Cell Physiology Laboratory, New York Blood Center, New York, NY