HIV gp120 receptors on human dendritic cells

Author:

Turville Stuart G.1,Arthos Jim1,Mac Donald Kelli1,Lynch Garry1,Naif Hassan1,Clark Georgina1,Hart Derek1,Cunningham Anthony L.1

Affiliation:

1. From the Center For Virus Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, Sydney, Australia; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; and Mater Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.

Abstract

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) are important targets for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) because of their roles during transmission and also maintenance of immune competence. Furthermore, DCs are a key cell in the development of HIV vaccines. In both these settings the mechanism of binding of the HIV envelope protein gp120 to DCs is of importance. Recently a single C-type lectin receptor (CLR), DC-SIGN, has been reported to be the predominant receptor on monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) rather than CD4. In this study a novel biotinylated gp120 assay was used to determine whether CLR or CD4 were predominant receptors on MDDCs and ex vivo blood DCs. CLR bound more than 80% of gp120 on MDDCs, with residual binding attributable to CD4, reconfirming that CLRs were the major receptors for gp120 on MDDCs. However, in contrast to recent reports, gp120 binding to at least 3 CLRs was observed: DC-SIGN, mannose receptor, and unidentified trypsin resistant CLR(s). In marked contrast, freshly isolated and cultured CD11c+ve and CD11c−ve blood DCs only bound gp120 via CD4. In view of these marked differences between MDDCs and blood DCs, HIV capture by DCs and transfer mechanisms to T cells as well as potential antigenic processing pathways will need to be determined for each DC phenotype.

Publisher

American Society of Hematology

Subject

Cell Biology,Hematology,Immunology,Biochemistry

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