Robust multimodal biometric authentication algorithms using fingerprint, iris and voice features fusion

Abstract

Development of a robust triple multimodal biometric approach for human authentication using fingerprint, iris and voice biometric is the main objective of this manuscript. Accordingly, three essential algorithms for biometric authentication are presented. The extracted features from these multimodals are combined via feature fusion center (FFC) and feature scores. These features are trained through artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. The first algorithm depends on boundary energy method (BEM) extracted features from fingerprint, normalized combinational features from iris and dimensionality reduction methods (DRM) from voice using sum/average FFC. The second proposed algorithm uses extracted features from zoning method of fingerprint, SIFT of iris and higher order statistics (HOS) of voice signals. The third proposed algorithm consists of extracted features from zoning method for fingerprint, SIFT from iris and DRM from voice signals. Classification accuracy of implemented algorithms is estimated. Comparison between proposed algorithms is introduced in terms of equal error rate (EER) and ROC curves. The experimental results confirm superiority of second proposed algorithm which achieves a classification rate of 100% using SVM classifier and sum FFC. From computational point of view, the first algorithm consumes the lowest time using SVM classifier. On other hand, the lowest EER is achieved by first proposed algorithm for extracted features from Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) method of DRM. Additionally, the lowest ROC curves are accomplished respectively for extracted features from multidimensional scaling (MDS), generated ARMA synthesis and Isomap features. Their accuracy is improved with SVM. Also, the sum FFC introduces efficient results compared to average FFC. These algorithms have the advantages of robustness and the strength of selecting unimodal, double and triple biometric authentication. The obtained results accomplish a remarkable accuracy for authentication and security within multi practical applications.