1. Advanced Medical Devices and Composites Laboratory, Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University. Taichung 407, Taiwan
2. Dental Medical Devices and Materials Research Center, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
3. Department of Orthopaedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
4. Department of Orthopaedics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan