Sustainable Concept of Zero-Liquid Discharge and Its Impact on Climate Change: Detail Case Studies

Abstract

In the developed world’s metropolitan areas, proper wastewater treatment and recycling are of the utmost importance. Releasing wastewater into aquatic systems is the biggest environmental risk and the biggest barrier to wastewater regeneration and reuse. The origin of the wastewater also has an impact on its potential for reuse. There are three separate processes at work in the universe: the physical, the chemical, and the biological. The study examines the challenges associated with wastewater consumption, as well as wastewater treatment, reuse, and repurposing. One of the most compelling arguments for exploring the possibility of zero liquid discharge is the possibility of energy recovery from wastewater. Manufacturing operations that aim for Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) may recycle or reuse the solid waste they produce. ZLD system design is becoming more popular. To be sure, current ZLD systems have their drawbacks, the most notable of which are the high plant costs and high energy intensity of their crystallizers. Because of the growing public and media awareness of the consequences of wastewater pollution, stricter environmental restrictions are expected to push more polluting businesses onto ZLD. Moreover, climate plays such a significant role in the wastewater treatment plant; climate change may have far-reaching implications on the drainage system.